The LFM Equation Framework

Everything emerges from two coupled wave equations. No hidden physics. No magic constants. Just χ₀ = 19 and the governing equations running on a discrete lattice.

The Core Insight

In October 2025, a single thought experiment began: "What if spacetime isn't an empty stage where physics happens, but rather a computational fabric that IS physics?"

Imagine space as a giant grid of connected points. Each point knows only two numbers — how much "stuff" is there (Ψ) and how "stiff" that location is (χ).

Every point updates based only on its neighbors. No global coordination. No central controller. Just local rules running everywhere, all the time.

The question was: Could real physics — gravity, light, atoms, everything — emerge from this?

After 105 validated tests across 7 physics domains, the answer appears to be yes.

The Magic Number: χ₀ = 19

In empty space, χ equals 19. We didn't choose this — it was discovered by matching the equations to the Cosmic Microwave Background. Once found, fundamental constants started falling out of simple formulas.

Fine structure
11/(480π)
1/137.088 vs 1/137.036 (0.04%)
Proton/electron
5×19²+2×19-7
1836 vs 1836.15 (0.008%)
Dark energy
13/19
0.684 vs 0.685 (0.12%)
Strong force
2/17
0.1176 vs 0.1179 (0.25%)
Muon/electron
11×19-2
207 vs 206.768 (0.11%)
Generations
18/6
3 vs 3 (exact)

The Five Governing Equations

Two fundamental forms (GOV-01, GOV-02) plus three simplifications for different regimes.

GOV-01-S: Spinor Wave Equation (Most General)

(iγᵘ∂ᵤ − χ(x,t))ψ = 0

The Dirac equation with position-dependent mass χ(x,t). A 4-component spinor ψ propagates through a medium where the effective mass varies with position.

OriginStructure: Dirac (1928) | Innovation: LFM replaces constant mass m with dynamic field χ(x,t)
MeasuresHow matter waves evolve through the lattice
Used ForFermions (electrons, quarks), spin effects, weak force

GOV-01-K: Klein-Gordon Equation (Bosons)

∂²Ψ/∂t² = c²∇²Ψ − χ²Ψ

The Klein-Gordon equation with position-dependent mass χ(x,t). Waves propagate through space where local "stiffness" χ affects behavior.

OriginStructure: Klein & Gordon (1926) | Innovation: LFM replaces constant mass m with dynamic field χ(x,t)
MeasuresWave amplitude evolution for bosons
Used ForMost simulations, gravity, electromagnetism, atomic physics

GOV-02: χ Field Equation (LFM Original)

∂²χ/∂t² = c²∇²χ − κ(Σₐ|Ψₐ|² + εᵥ·j − E₀²) + λ(−χ)³Θ(−χ)

The geometry itself ripples like a wave. Where there's concentrated energy, χ drops—creating what we experience as a gravitational well. The floor term prevents singularities.

OriginLFM Framework (Oct 2025)
MeasuresHow spacetime curvature responds to matter/energy
Used ForGravity, dark matter, frame dragging, black holes

GOV-03: Single-Equation Form (Simplification)

χ² = χ₀² − g⟨Σₐ|Ψₐ|²⟩_τ

χ responds to time-averaged energy density with memory parameter τ. The memory creates persistent gravitational effects.

OriginLFM Framework (Oct 2025)
MeasuresLocal χ from time-averaged energy
Used ForGalaxy rotation curves, dark matter halos

GOV-04: Poisson Limit (Quasi-Static)

∇²χ = (κ/c²)(Σₐ|Ψₐ|² − E₀²)

Static limit of GOV-02. Similar structure to Poisson equation in Newtonian gravity.

OriginLFM Framework; form analogous to Poisson (1813)
MeasuresStatic χ profile
Used ForStatic gravity wells, Newtonian limit

🔬 LFM Contributions

LFM-specific formulations and applications. Many build on established physics concepts (properly attributed below). GOV-02 and the specific χ₀=19 predictions are LFM's novel contributions.

Chi-Inversion Formula

χ(r) = χ₀ exp[−(2/c²)∫₀ʳ v²(r')/r' dr']

Invert the velocity-χ relationship to reconstruct χ profiles from rotation curves. LFM's specific formulation for the χ field.

OriginLFM Framework (Nov 2025)
Measuresχ profile from observed velocities
Used ForGalaxy analysis in LFM framework

Phase-Charge Encoding

θ = 0 → electron, θ = π → positron

In LFM, charge is encoded as wave phase. This is the LFM implementation of U(1) gauge symmetry, which underlies electromagnetism in quantum field theory.

OriginU(1) gauge theory (Weyl 1929, QED 1940s); LFM implementation
MeasuresCharge sign from phase angle
Used ForElectromagnetism in LFM simulations

χ Memory Mechanism

χ_residual(r) < χ₀ even when E²(r) → 0

In LFM, the χ field retains memory of past energy distributions. This is LFM's approach to explaining dark matter phenomena without particles.

OriginLFM Framework (Nov 2025); concept similar to MOND/TeVeS approaches
MeasuresResidual χ depression
Used ForGalaxy rotation curves in LFM

Floor Term (Singularity Regularization)

λ(−χ)³Θ(−χ), λ = χ₀ − 9 = 10

A regularization term that prevents χ from diverging. Regularization techniques are common in physics; this is LFM's specific implementation.

OriginLFM Framework (Jan 2026); regularization concept is standard
Measuresχ stabilization when χ < 0
Used ForBlack hole interiors, cosmological simulations

LFM's RAR Implementation

g² = g_bar(g_bar + a₀), where a₀ = cH₀/(2π)

LFM's derivation of the Radial Acceleration Relation. The RAR itself was discovered observationally by McGaugh et al. (2016). LFM claims to derive it from first principles.

OriginRAR observed: McGaugh, Lelli, Schombert (2016); a₀: Milgrom (1983)
MeasuresAcceleration enhancement factor
Used ForGalaxy dynamics, comparison with MOND

Coulomb Force in LFM

F = −dU_int/dR, U_int = ∫ 2Re(Ψ₁*Ψ₂) d³x

LFM's derivation of Coulomb force from wave interference. Interference forces are standard wave mechanics; LFM shows how 1/r² emerges in its framework.

OriginWave interference: standard QM; LFM implementation (Nov 2025)
MeasuresElectric force between charges
Used ForElectromagnetism in LFM

Stability Analysis

Standard physics analysis applied to LFM. These are well-known theorems(Ostrogradsky, causality bounds, Hamiltonian analysis) confirming LFM is mathematically consistent.

No Ghost Modes

H_Ψ ≥ 0, H_χ ≥ 0 (positive-definite)

LFM's Hamiltonians are positive-definite. Ghost analysis is standard in modified gravity theories.

Ostrogradsky Stability

max(time derivatives) = 2 → stable

Ostrogradsky's theorem (1850) states theories with >2 time derivatives are unstable. GOV-01 and GOV-02 have exactly 2nd-order derivatives.

Causality Preservation

v_g = c/√(1 + χ²/(c²k²)) < c

Group velocity in LFM never exceeds c. Causality analysis is standard relativistic physics.

Massless Graviton (Theorem)

In vacuum: ∂²χ/∂t² = c²∇²χ → m_graviton = 0

In vacuum, GOV-02 becomes a massless wave equation. Gravitons have zero mass, consistent with LIGO bound (m < 1.2×10⁻²² eV).

Derived Equations by Category

All of the following emerge from GOV-01 + GOV-02. Click a category to explore the equations.

📚 Published Documentation

The complete LFM framework is documented and archived for reference and citation.

See It In Action

These aren't just equations on paper — they're running in real-time simulations you can explore.